One Liners about Keratitis

Keratitis

Causes:

1. MC cause of bacterial keratitis in India: Streptococus pneumoniae
2. MC cause of bacterial keratitis in world: Pseudomonas
3. MC cause of fungal keratitis: Aspergillus fumigatus
4. MC cause of keratitis in contact lens users: Pseudomonas
5. Most specific cause of keratitis in contact lens users: Acanthamoeba.

Signs & symptoms:

• 1^st symptom of any type of keratitis: Photophobia
• Double immune ring of Wesley is seen in fungal > acanthamoeba keratitis

• Salmon patch sign/ Hutchinson patch sign: Seen in congenital syphilis.

Treatment options:

Herpes simplex keratitis:

1. Decreased corneal sensation is the hallmark of viral keratitis
2. Appearance of HSV keratitis affecting epithelium:
   • Fluorescein stain: Cornea appears green
   • Rose bengal stain: Cornea appears red/ pink
3. Interstitial keratitis is type 3 hypersensitivity
4. Disciform (endothelial) keratitis is type 4 (delayed) hypersensitivity
5. Treatment of herpetic keratitis:

• Overall DOC: Antiviral (Acyclovir/ Idoxuridine)
• Steroids are C/I in dendritic ulcer since it will lead to formation of geographic ulcer
• Steroid can be given in disciform keratitis though but under antiviral cover.

Neurotrophic & Neuroparalytic keratitis:

1. Neuroparalytic keratitis: Impairment of corneal innervation by facial nerve (motor) → Paralytic symptoms
2. Neurotrophic keratitis: Impairment of corneal innervation by trigeminal nerve (sensory) → Reduction/ absence of corneal sensitivity
3. Cenegermin: It is the first drug to treat neurotrophic keratitis. It is a recombinant form of human nerve growth factor that stimulates growth and survival of corneal epithelial cells.

Disclaimer:

Images used in this webpage to describe the topic(s) properly to the audience might be copyrighted under other person(s) or publishing house(s) or respective company. We have solely used them for non-commercial educational purpose only; not intended to any unfair means or copyright violation. Still if you want any image(s) to be removed from this webpage, please leave a message to prithwi201@gmail.com with proper evidence of authorization (link to original work and allegedly infringing url) and we will not hesitate to process your request as early as possible and delete the respective image(s). Thank you for cooperating with us.